DIRECT AND
INDIRECT SPEECH
Direct speech is a sentence when reported speech stating the actual words.
Sentences are not connected by "that" it should be with (punctuation)
commas.
Indirect speech are sentences which when reported speech gives the substance
of the words used by the speaker and not the actual words. In indirect speech
sentences are associated with the word "that".
Tense reporting verb is not changed, but the present tense reported speech should be modified based on the form of a reporting verb.
Two-way time changes in reported speech.
Rule I
If the reporting verb is past tense, present tense verb in reported speech must be converted into one of four past tense.
Direct-Indirect Speech Speech
Simple-to-Simple present past
=> He said "The woman comes" became "He said that the woman came"
Rule II
1) When the news reported speech sentences
With these rules are considered reporting verb in the present or future tense, and whenever any particular case.
Reported speech Reporting verbs
-Any tense present tense (present tense whatever)
=>Direct: She says to her friend, "I have been waiting"
Indirect: She says to her friend that he has been waiting "
2) If the reported speech is the sentence questions
a) Reporting verb say or ask or tell converted to inquire. By repeating the word question and changing tense when questions starting with questions.
Direct: He said to me, "where are you going?"
Indirect: He asked me where I was going "
b) By using the if / Whether as a link between reporting and reported speech verb tenses and repeat.
Direct: He said to me, "Are you going away today? '
Indirect: He asked me Whether I going today
Tense reporting verb is not changed, but the present tense reported speech should be modified based on the form of a reporting verb.
Two-way time changes in reported speech.
Rule I
If the reporting verb is past tense, present tense verb in reported speech must be converted into one of four past tense.
Direct-Indirect Speech Speech
Simple-to-Simple present past
=> He said "The woman comes" became "He said that the woman came"
Rule II
1) When the news reported speech sentences
With these rules are considered reporting verb in the present or future tense, and whenever any particular case.
Reported speech Reporting verbs
-Any tense present tense (present tense whatever)
=>Direct: She says to her friend, "I have been waiting"
Indirect: She says to her friend that he has been waiting "
2) If the reported speech is the sentence questions
a) Reporting verb say or ask or tell converted to inquire. By repeating the word question and changing tense when questions starting with questions.
Direct: He said to me, "where are you going?"
Indirect: He asked me where I was going "
b) By using the if / Whether as a link between reporting and reported speech verb tenses and repeat.
Direct: He said to me, "Are you going away today? '
Indirect: He asked me Whether I going today
3) Sentence command
Example:
Direct: He said to his servant, "Go away at once!"
Indirect: He ordered his servant to go away at once.
Compare these two sentences.
Rihanna said, "I am cooking." (Direct)
Rihanna said (that) she was cooking. (Indirect)
Note:
- I became she (as the culprit Rihanna).
- Am being was (a past tense).
- (That) means that (may be used, perhaps not).
am / is being was
are to be was / were
have / has to be had
have to be had to
has to Being had to
shall be should
will be would
can be could
may be might
want to be wanted
drink to be drank
write a wrote
In reported speech / indirect speech there are any changes in the past tense (the past).
Example:
Direct: He said to his servant, "Go away at once!"
Indirect: He ordered his servant to go away at once.
Compare these two sentences.
Rihanna said, "I am cooking." (Direct)
Rihanna said (that) she was cooking. (Indirect)
Note:
- I became she (as the culprit Rihanna).
- Am being was (a past tense).
- (That) means that (may be used, perhaps not).
am / is being was
are to be was / were
have / has to be had
have to be had to
has to Being had to
shall be should
will be would
can be could
may be might
want to be wanted
drink to be drank
write a wrote
In reported speech / indirect speech there are any changes in the past tense (the past).
Tips ...
Mobile Battery Care Tips that Sustainable
For mobile phone users or a mobile phone, it is definitely disturbed when
suddenly a cell phone battery is in use it is low and should be charged to fill
it. Moreover, if a state of emergency and important, it would be detrimental to
the user's mobile phone. Well, the battery suddenly runs out or ngedrop that
usually there are various reasons that can cause it. This is not one of our
phone brands but sometimes due to our error in mengecharge our phone batteries.
Here are tips on caring for our mobile phone batteries to keep it durable so that we are comfortable in using the mobile phone:
a. We should mengecharge mobile phone battery dead. Because if it is on, there will be an outflow of entry that will cause the molecules in our phone was broken.
b. Do not be too often make calls via mobile phone if it is in the car. Because at that time the phone trying to find a signal of BTS (Base Transceiver Station) nearby and would absorbs energy in the mobile phones we use.
c. Phone must let loose of Leather Case / mobile phone holster. Because when we charge the battery will generate heat which can shorten the life of the phone and the battery starts ngedrop.
d. Do not go very often mengecharge phone in the car. Because at the time of charging, the vehicle using the cigarette lighter as the vehicle voltage connection and sometimes unstable, causing unstable flow coming when the batteries are charged.
e. Clean the battery connectors and gold pin on the battery every six months using a cotton bud or tissue.
f. Do not overuse additional features or applications on the phone like-igames, bluetooth, mp3, GPRS, radio, etc.. Because they will absorb energy at mobile phone battery quickly.
Here are tips on caring for our mobile phone batteries to keep it durable so that we are comfortable in using the mobile phone:
a. We should mengecharge mobile phone battery dead. Because if it is on, there will be an outflow of entry that will cause the molecules in our phone was broken.
b. Do not be too often make calls via mobile phone if it is in the car. Because at that time the phone trying to find a signal of BTS (Base Transceiver Station) nearby and would absorbs energy in the mobile phones we use.
c. Phone must let loose of Leather Case / mobile phone holster. Because when we charge the battery will generate heat which can shorten the life of the phone and the battery starts ngedrop.
d. Do not go very often mengecharge phone in the car. Because at the time of charging, the vehicle using the cigarette lighter as the vehicle voltage connection and sometimes unstable, causing unstable flow coming when the batteries are charged.
e. Clean the battery connectors and gold pin on the battery every six months using a cotton bud or tissue.
f. Do not overuse additional features or applications on the phone like-igames, bluetooth, mp3, GPRS, radio, etc.. Because they will absorb energy at mobile phone battery quickly.
